Hydraulic transmission



Jan. 8, 1935. RE. FLANDERS 1,987,186

HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION 'cs-Sheet l /y I 'Filed Jan. 7*, 1932 Jan. 8, 1935. R. E- FLANDERS *1,987,186

HYDRAULIC TRANSMI SS ION Filed Jap. 7, 1932 4 sheets-'sheet 2 h /ZJr 2/ Mers/rma Fmr f M 63 f4 MA/N Puur 27 Jan' 8 11935' R. E. FLANDERS 1,987,186

4 HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Jan. "f, 1932 4 sheetsheet 5 Jan. 8, 1935. R E. FLANDERS 1,987,186

HYDRAULIC TRANSMI SS ION l Filed Jan. 7, 1932 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 gal/6.

:76 77 7f if 77 Patented Jan. 8, 1935 HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Ralph E. Flanders, Springiield, Vt., assignor to Jones & Lamson Machine Company, Springiield, Vt., a corporation oi' Vermont Application January 7, 1932, Serial No. 585,221

16 Claims.

This invention relates to systems for the transmission and control of power, such a system including a motor actuated by liquid under pressure and means for delivering liquid under pressure under controlled conditions to and discharging it from the motor. In such systems it is found desirable to provide a neutral position of the control mechanism in which the motor may, if desired, be moved by hand, or otherwise independently of the liquid. One method of doing this is to connect both sides of the motor with each other which may be done by connecting both to discharge. It is then possible to move the motor as desired, the liquid owing from one side to the other of the motor, depending on the direction of motor movement. The liquid in the motor and its intermediate pipes is under relatively low pressure under such conditions. If the control valve be moved from this neutral position quickly to one in which liquid under high pressure is admitted to one side of the motor while the rate of discharge isA limited in order `to control the motor speed, there is artendency for the motor and theparts moved thereby to jump ahead suddenly due to, the ompressibility of the low pressure liquid onthe dischargefside of the motor, inthe motor and its pipe connections to' the discharge rate control mechanism.

One ofthe objects cf vthe present invention is to prevent: this action, and it isdon'e laccording to this invention,\by opening bothl sides ofy the motor toy high pressureliquid when the lvalve is moved'from its neutralfposition to ,either operative position and beforeit applies ,the highv pres-,

35 sure to one side only of the,`rnotorl discharge from the opposite side. g

'While in its broader aspects the invention is not limited to any particular embodiment of such a hydraulic transmission system, its vapplication to a system embodying'a liquid meter in the discharge of the motor for yregulating its speed and particularly as applied to the actuation of a rtraversing carriage of a machine tool will be more completely described. v Referring to the accompanying drawings, i Figure 1 is a fragmentary view'partly in front Aelevation and partly brokenawayand in section of@ lathe embodying this yi'Invention-- f l and permits valve lmechanism. *f f Figure is a viewshowingl thel mechanism' fifi' top plan', a portio'nof the' machine-ifram'elbeing ure3.4

i Figure jisv diagrammatic u1 valve me'chanisms," the latte 60 position.` i"

' igure 2 is anl end elevation of vthernetker and? Figures and 11 are views similar to portions of Figure 9, butA showing the valves in intermediate and low speed positions, respectively, for actuation of the carriage to the left.

Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 11, but showing the parts in position for low speed carriage movement to the right.

Figure 13 is a detail section on line 1'3--13 of Figure 9.

Figure 14 is a side elevation partly broken away of one of the valves.

Figure 15 isan end elevation partly broken away ofthe same. l

Figures 16 and 17 are sections similar to portions of Figures 9 to 12 but showing the parts in fast motion positions for carriage travel in opposite directions.;`

Figure 18 is a View similar to a portion of Figure 10 but showing an intermediate position of the valves to the right of the neutral position.`

Referring rst to Figure 1, at 1 is shown the cylinder of a reversible cylinder and piston hydraulic motor,` the piston being shown at 2 and having a piston rod 3 which is intended to be secured to a traversing carriage (notv shown) of a lathe, the headstock of which is shown at 4 carrying a Workpngaging chuck 5. At 6 in the f base of thel machine'is a suitable` supply tank for a liquid, such as'oil or thelilre,l which` may be supplied under pressure to one or the other side of the motor cylinder 1, as desired, as, for

example,. by means. of a pump` of" any suitable` description (not shown) ywhich may Jbe ,provided with an actuated pulley 'Ifby whichvit may be driven. This may thusl supply fluid under lpressure to a valvemeehanismindicated generally at .8 by whichv the control ofviiiuid to'and from the motor may'beproduced; v.At l931s shown a liquid 3 metering device4 ,which may libe driven to regulate'the rate atwhich iiuid 'may be passed therethrough, as by means of abelt 10, passing about ,an actuating pulley 11 of the metering device anda pulley A12carried by the headstock spindle. i 1v l The metering device'maybe of any suitable type but'as herein shown in Figures Bland 9, it comprises a cage 2,0 carrying in circular arrangeface f o lfarly of said motor to discharge and to interpose said rection into the position shown in Figure 16 where the pipe 71 is connected by the right hand valve passage 65 directly with the chamber 88 and to discharge through the pipe 74. 4At the same time the spring abutment at the left hand valve end has been compressed so as to tend to return the valve to its slow motion position.

From the foregoing description of an embodiment of this invention, it shouldbe evident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications might be made without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a uid pressure motor having admission and exhaust passages, a source of fluid under pressure, and ay valve mechanism for controlling the supply of fluid to said motor, said mechanism including parts cooperating to close off uid from said source to said motor in oneY` valve position, to admit fluid under pressure from said source to said motor admission passage only to drive said motor in another valve position, and in a third position to admit fluid under pressure to both admission and exhaust sides of said motor while both sides of said motor are closed to discharge, said third position being intermediate to the other positions arid through which said parts must pass when being moved from one to the other of said positions.

2. In combination, a fluid pressure motor having admission and exhaust passages, a source of fluid under pressure, and av valve mechanism for controlling the supply of fluid to said motor, said mechanism including parts cooperating to close off fiuid from said source to said motor in one valve position and to open both motor passages to discharge, to admit fluid under pressure from Vsaid source to said motor admission only to drive said motor in another valve position, and in a third position to admit fluid under pressure to both admission and exhaust sides of said motor, said third position being intermediate to the other positions and through which said parts must pass when being moved from one to the other of said positions.

3. In.combination, a fluid pressure motor, a source of fluid under pressure, a uid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling admission of fluid from said source to said motor, the discharge of fluid from said motor and the interposition of lsaid meter in the flow of fluid through said motor or the by-passing of said meter, said valve mechanism including parts cooperating to cut off said motor from said source in one valve position, to open said motor to said source and to discharge and to interpose said meter in the flow of fluid in another valve position, to open both sides of said motor to fluid from said source in an intermediate position, and to open said motor to said source and discharge and to by-pass said vmeter in a fourth position.

4. In combination, a uid pressure motor, a

ysource of fluid under pressure, a fluid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling admission of fluid from said source to said motor., the discharge of fluid from said motor and the interposition of saidmeter in the flow of uid through said motor or the by-passing of said meter, said valve mechanism including parts co- 1 operating to cut off said motor from said source and to open both sides of said motor to discharge in one valve position, to open one side of said motor to said source and the other side tion,

meter into flow of fluid in another valve posito open both sides of said motor to fluid from said source in an intermediate position, and to open said motor to said source and discharge and to by-pass said meter in a lfourth position.

5. In combination, a fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a source of fluid under pressure, a fluid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling admission of uid from said source to said motor, the discharge from said motor and the interposition'of said meter in the discharge from said motor, said mechanism including parts cooperating to cut off said motor from said source in one valve position, to open both passages of said motor to said source in another position, to open said motor intake to said source and to interpose said meter in the discharge in another position, and to open said motor intake to said source and to by-pass said meter in still another position. l

6. In combination, a fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a source of fluid under pressure, a fluid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling admission of uid from said source to said motor, the discharge from said motor and the interposition of said meter in the discharge from said motor, said mechanism including parts cooperating to out off said motor from said source and to open both sides of said motor to discharge in one valve position, to open both passages of said motor to said source in another position, to open said motor intake to said source and to interpose said meter in the discharge in another position, and to open said motor intake to said source and to by-pass said position.

7. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motor having intakeand discharge passages, a source of fluid under pressure, and a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of fluid to and discharge from said motor, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages of said motor are cut off from meter in still another said source, operative positions on either side of v intermediate said neutral and operative positions in each of which both sides of said motor are connected to said source.

8. In combination, a reversible uid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a source of fluid under pressure, and a valve mechanismfor controlling the supply of fluid to and discharge from said motor, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages of said motor are cutoff from said source and open .to discharge, operative positions on either side of said neutral position in which one or the other side of said .motor is connected to said source and the opposite side to discharge, and positions intermediate said neutral and operative positions in each of which both sides of said motor are connected to said source.

9. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motorhaving intake and discharge passages, a source offluid under pressure, a liquid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of fluid to and discharge from said motor and charge, and fast motion positions beyond said` slow motion positions in each of which one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the opposite side to discharge bypassing said meter.

10. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a source of uid under pressure, a liquid meter, fand a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of iluid to and discharge from said motor and for interposing said meter in the iluid circuit, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages of said motor are cut off from said source, and open to discharge through said meter, slow motion positions on either side of said neutral position I* in which one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the other side to discharge through said meter, positions `intermediate said neutral and slow motion, positions in each of which both sides of said motor are connected to said source and cut off from discharge, and fast motion positions beyond said slow motion positions in each of which one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the opposite side to discharge bypassing said meter.

,11. In combination, a uid pressure motor having intake and' discharge passages, a source of iluid under pressure, a fluid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling admission of fluid from said source to said motorythe discharge from said motor and the interposition of said meter in the discharge from said motor,v

said mechanism including parts cooperating to cut olf said motor from said source in one valve position, to open both passagesof said motor and the passages from said motor to said neter to said source in another position, to open said motor intake to said sourceand to interpose said meter in the discharge in another position, and

to open said motor intake to said source and to by-pass said meter in still another position'.

12. In combination, a fluid pressure motor hav- Ying intake and discharge passages, a source of fluid under pressure, a fluid meter, and a valve mechanism for controlling admission of fluid from said source to said motor, the discharge from said motor and the interposition of said meter in the discharge from said motor, said mechanism including parts cooperating to cut off said motor from said source and to open both sides of said motor to discharge in one valve position, to open both passages of said motor and the passages from said motor to said meter to f said source in another position, to open said motor intake to said source and to interpose said meter in the discharge in another position, and to open said motor intake to said source and to by-pass said meter in still another position.

13. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a

' source of uid under pressure, a liquid meter,

and a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of iluid to and discharge from said motor and for interposing said meter in the uid circuit, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages of said motor are cut off from said source, slow motion positions on either side of said `neutral position inwhich one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the other side to discharge through said meter, positions intermediate said neutral and, slow motion positions in each of which both sides of said motor and the passages from said motor to said meter are connected to said source and cut off from discharge, and fast motion positions beyond said slow motion positions in each of which one or the other side of.A said motor is connected to said source and the opposite side to discharge by-passing said-meter.

14. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a source of iluid under pressure, a liquid meter, and a valve mechanism for ,controlling the supply of fluid to and discharge from said motor and for interposing said meter in the fluid circuit, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages o1' said motor are cut oil from said source and open to discharge through said meter, slow motion positions on either side of said neutral position in which one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the other side to discharge through said meter, positions intermediate said neutral and slow motion positions in each of which both sides of said motor and the passages from said motor to said meter are connected to said source and cut off from discharge, Aand tast motion positions beyond said slow motion /positions in each of which one or the other side of said motor is lconnected to said source and the opposite side to discharge by-passing said` meter.

15. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a source of fluid under pressure, and a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of fluid to and discharge from said inotor, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages of said motor are cut of! from said source, operative positions on either side of said neutral position in which one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the opposite side to'discharge, and positions intermediatesaid neutral and operative positions in each of which both sides of said motor are connected to said source and closed from said discharge.

16. In combination, a reversible fluid pressure motor having intake and discharge passages, a

source of fluid under pressure, and a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of iluid to and discharge from said motor, said valve mechanism having an intermediate neutral position in which both passages of said motor are cut oi from said source and open to discharge, operative positions on either side of saidl neutral position in which one or the other side of said motor is connected to said source and the opposite side to discharge, and positions intermediate said neutral and operative positions in each of which 

